When part of a task is automated, one kind of error may become less common while another appears in data transfer, manual entry, or exception handling. If we measure only task time, we may miss that shift.
A risk analysis after ten years of a hospital unit-dose dispensing robot broke the process into steps and examined possible failure modes. Its numbers belong to that hospital setting and should not be generalized to other pharmacies; the method of examining the workflow is still useful.
For each workflow, five questions help: what is the step, what could fail, what would the consequence be, how would we notice, and what control or person could catch it? This simple review can reveal uncertainty before we buy or build a tool.